HOW TO ANALYSE A GRAPH/ A CHART

Lexique de la présentation d’un graphique

• A GRAPH/A CHART

Ø  The graph shows, reveals, indicates.... a sharp increase - a sharp rise in.... - a sharp drop/fall in....

Ø  Since 1965, ........ has been increasing, has been rising, has been soaring

                            has been falling, has been dropping, has been declining has been plummeting

Utiliser le present perfect (+ ing) dans la principale introduite par "since" 

Ø  To increase sharply

Ø  To rise steadily 

Utiliser le simple past (le prétérit) quand une action est clairement datée dans le passé (in 2011, last week, in December...)

The percentage of illegal immigrants rose sharply in 2012. Then it dropped steadily until 2017. 

Ø  A dramatic increase in (une augmentation spectaculaire de..) : there has been a dramatic increase in unemployment among young people in the past 5 years. 

Ø  The percentage of ..... reached a peak in... = it reached an all-time high in …+year

Ø  It reached its lowest level in / it reached its highest level in... +year

 

Ø  Public opinion concerning this issue  (= regarding) has remained the same (has remained stable) for  the past ten year / since 1990. 

Ø  Public opinion is evenly split concerning this issue: (moitié moitié) 

Ø  Public opinion is evenly split between those who... and those who...  

On average = en moyenne - The average citizen = le citoyen lambda

A vast majority of - an overwhelming majority of ... (majorité écrasante)  

Ø  A survey = une enquête (d'opinion)   An opinion poll = sondage

Ø  A survey conducted in 2015 ... / carried out in 2015... indicates that..

1.    Indicating upward movement

Verbs		Nouns
Transitive	Intransitive
(to) increase	(to) increase	(an) increase
(to) raise	(to) rise (rose, risen)	(a) raise (US), a rise (UK)
	(to) go/be up	(an) upswing
	(to) grow	(a) growth
	(to) extend, (to) expand	(an) extension, expansion
	(to) progress	(a) progression
	(to) boom/soar/climb	(a) boom
	(to) jump, (to) skyrocket	(a) jump
	(to) reach a peak, (to) peak	(a) peak
	(to) reach an all-time high

2.    Indicating downward movement

Verbs		Nouns
Transitive	Intransitive
(to) decrease	(to) decrease	(a) decrease
(to) cut, (to) reduce		(a) cut, (a) reduction
	(to) fall (off)    (fall, fell, fallen)	(a) fall
	(to) plunge, to plummet	(a) plunge
	(to) drop	(a) drop
	(to) go down	(a) downswing
	(to) decline	(a) decline
	(to) collapse	(a) collapse (dramatic fall)

 

US POVERTY RATES

The survey was carried out (conducted) by the US Census Bureau. It examines the evolution in the poverty rates in the US among black, Latino and white citizens. Both Black and Latino people have  much higher rates of poverty than whites, reaching a peak in 2012 with more than 25% of these ethnic groups above the poverty line. By contrast less than 10%  of the whites live in poverty, which sheds a light on racial and economic inequalities in the US.  = It shines a light on the racial wealth gap in the US.

GUNS IN THE US

The Pew survey conducted between 1993 and 2015 focuses on gun ownership in the US. In 2000 a majority of Americans (66%) declared that they supported gun control while the percentage of pro-gun citizens dropped then rose sharply in 2003 (42%) and kept increasing. In 2015, public opinion was nearly evenly split, showing that the issue remains divisive.  = showing how divisive the issue remains among Americans.